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Passive Investor School

We are dedicated to assisting you in becoming a more informed investor. We provide personalized one-on-one coaching sessions and offer comprehensive investor classes. Within our resources, you will discover a wealth of knowledge to enhance your real estate investment education.

  • How are distributions paid?
    When you fill out your subscription documents you will be asked to provide your ACH information. Distributions are sent electronically to the account you provide at that time.
  • How does investing with Adkins Estates work?
    First step is to schedule a call with our team. Through this call, we will be able to learn more about you and have the opportunity to tell you more about us. After the call, you will be given full access to our investor portal, you will be able to review our investment opportunities, and sign up for future webinars. Once you’re ready to invest, our platform will prompt you with any questions necessary to complete your investment documents online. Then, we will notify you on how to fund your investments through our online platform. As an investor, you will have access to your portfolio details in the portal and you will receive quarterly updates on how your investments are performing. Each opportunity varies, distribution forecasts and other details will be provided during the webinar for each opportunity.
  • Why apartments or multifamily?
    Investing in multifamily or apartments is a powerful investment choice due to a number of reasons to include: Supply – National shortage of affordable housing Demand – High demand for apartment or managed residential living due to increasing need from millennials, immigration and senior living(baby boomers). Tax Incentives – Ability to benefit from large project depreciation on the asset. Returns – Double Digit return on investment outpacing traditional investing Economies of Scale – Expenses of property able to be spread over large number of tenants
  • How frequently can I expect to receive distributions?
    The timing and amount of distributions will vary with each property. Distributions typically occur quarterly, with some properties providing monthly payments. The anticipated schedule for each property is provided during the introductory webinar for each investment.
  • What is a Real Estate Syndication Agreement?
    Syndication pacts stand as legal compacts uniting two or more parties, sharing in the venture's risks and rewards within a real estate transaction. This comprehensive agreement serves as the conduit for pooling resources and selling the property to a multitude of investors. Embedded within are intricate details about the property itself and the exact terms governing the sale. The drafting of a real estate syndication agreement can be a solo endeavor or a collaborative one, allowing for flexibility in its creation. A pivotal facet of these agreements is outlining the roles, duties, and privileges of each party, meticulously weaving a tapestry of responsibilities and benefits. This framework is especially prevalent in the realm of commercial investments, spanning assets like office buildings, hotels, and shopping centers. Within the contours of a typical real estate syndication agreement, a lead investor often takes the helm, spearheading property selection and investment management. Fellow investors join the ranks, contributing funds that align proportionally with their investment interests. These agreements stand as the bedrock of successful collaborative ventures, enabling individuals to merge their strengths and resources, ultimately unlocking the potential of real estate opportunities.
  • How are my investments protected?
    We act as the decision-maker of the investment on your behalf, handling the day-to-day operations with our investors. Your investment is held in Single Purpose Limited Liability Company. Your ownership is help as a Member Interests in the LLC.
  • What is the Private Placement Memorandum (PPM)?
    The Private Placement Memorandum (PPM) is a legal document used in a private placement offering to provide prospective investors with detailed information about the investment opportunity. The PPM outlines the terms of the investment and the primary risk factors involved with making the investment. The PPM typically includes an introduction, basic disclosures, legal agreement, and subscription agreement. The Basic Disclosures section is one of the most important parts, providing investors with information about the investment opportunity, including the investment strategy, asset description, and risk factors. This section should provide detailed information on the market conditions, the asset class, and the specific risks involved with the investment. The PPM is an important document for both investors and the general partner. It helps ensure that investors are fully informed about the investment opportunity and can make an informed decision about whether to invest. Additionally, the PPM can protect the general partner from potential liability by disclosing all relevant information to investors.
  • What types of accounts can I invest through?
    Personal investment accounts, joint accounts, certain entity accounts, and self-directed IRA accounts can be used to fund an investment.
  • How Does a Real Estate Syndicate Work?
    Real estate syndicates operate through the collaborative effort of various entities pooling resources to acquire a property. This collective group then unites to reap the rewards derived from property sales and rental income. Steering the ship is the syndicator, shouldering the mantle of acquisition, management, and equitable profit distribution. In the usual course, syndicate members secure their ownership by acquiring shares in the property, aligning with their ownership percentage. These shares are procured at a predetermined price, and there's no restriction on the number of shares any member can purchase or sell. As the journey progresses, the distribution of ownership evolves in tandem with each member's investment in new acquisitions. This ensures a dynamic and ever-evolving structure that mirrors the changing landscape of the investment journey.
  • Can I invest through my retirement savings account?
    Yes, you can invest through your self-directed IRA or solo 401(k). Please check with your IRA custodian to ensure they will allow you to place an investment and contact us at contact@adkinsestatesllc.com for further assistance. We can also recommend custodians if you need help moving your IRA.
  • What Kind of Returns Should I Anticipate?
    Returns are subject to variability across different deals, yet adhering to a typical 3-5 year holding period. Our focus centers on achieving a preferred equity return ranging from 6% to 12%, or an internal rate of return between 12% and 15% for our investments.
  • What is the Confidential Offering Memorandum (COM)
    The Confidential Offering Memorandum (COM) stands as a vital legal instrument employed in private placement offerings, meticulously furnishing potential investors with intricate insights into the investment opportunity at hand. This comprehensive document delves into the investment's terms and lays bare the primary risk factors integral to the investment decision. Comprising an introduction, essential disclosures, a legal agreement, and a subscription agreement, the COM is a meticulously structured guide. Of these, the Essential Disclosures section emerges as a cornerstone, endowing investors with crucial data concerning the investment. This includes details about the investment strategy, asset characteristics, and risk considerations. It's here that comprehensive information about market conditions, asset class, and the intricate risks associated with the investment come to light. The COM serves as a pivotal resource for both investors and the general partner alike. It fosters a climate of transparency, ensuring that investors are equipped with all necessary information to make well-informed investment choices. Furthermore, this document safeguards the general partner against potential liability by laying out all pertinent information for investors to consider.
  • What is my investment used for?
    Investor funds are used to acquire and improve the property. The total expenses include but are not limited to purchase price, acquisition fees, legal and transaction costs, capital projects, insurance and reserves.
  • What Measures Ensure the Security of My Investment?
    Within the realm of real estate syndication, investors acquire ownership through shares or a percentage of ownership within the property-owning entity. Prior to the property's closure and during the investment phase, investors undertake a pivotal step – they affix their signatures to legal documents meticulously crafted by experienced securities attorneys. These documents illuminate the intricacies of ownership and the project's terms, ensuring transparency and legal compliance. To facilitate this process, a pivotal facet emerges in the form of a Limited Liability Company (LLC) or company "Operating Agreement." This foundational document outlines the guidelines for the entity that owns the property. It delineates crucial aspects, including the distribution of profits, mechanisms for investors to exit or divest their shares, ownership distribution percentages, and more. This agreement serves as a solid blueprint, guiding the interactions and transactions within the syndication, ultimately fostering harmony and efficiency.
  • Am I eligible to invest?
    Yes, our opportunities are available to both Sophisticated and Accredited Investors. We invite you to schedule a call with our investment team to learn more about future opportunities and the minimum investment amounts for our upcoming investments. You can schedule a call with a team member today.
  • Is real estate syndication a good investment?
    Embarking on an investment journey through real estate syndication or private funds presents an excellent avenue for channeling your capital. These investment vehicles seamlessly blend the wealth-building potential of real estate with the reliability and assurance synonymous with stock and bond investments. Moreover, they provide a shield against the erosive impact of inflation and the unpredictability of market shifts.
  • What are your investment minimums?
    Investment minimums vary by opportunity. Some investments only require $50,000.
  • What is a Limited Partner (LP)?
    A Limited Partner (LP) embodies an investor who injects capital into a business or partnership, yet enjoys limited liability and remains uninvolved in the day-to-day operations. This structure commonly finds its home in real estate investment, where the mantle of management and full liability rests upon the general partner (GP), while limited partners (LPs) contribute funds and participate in investment profits, safeguarded by limited liability. These partnerships function under the guidance of a comprehensive partnership agreement that clearly outlines the roles and responsibilities of both the general partner and limited partners. In a typical real estate investment partnership, the GP shoulders the task of sourcing and managing the investment, whereas the LPs contribute capital and possess a narrower role in the decision-making process. This agreement also defines the distribution of profits and losses, ensuring transparency and alignment. Limited Partnerships are a sought-after structure in real estate investments due to their ability to provide investors with exposure to real estate without bearing the entirety of ownership's risks and responsibilities. LPs relish the potential for elevated returns on their investment compared to more conventional avenues like stocks or bonds.
  • Earnest Money
    Earnest Money is an advance of a portion of the purchase price to indicate the ability of the buyer to carry out the contract.
  • Equity Investment
    The Equity Investment reflects the initial cost associated with purchasing an apartment community, including the down payment, closing costs, and fees. This investment may also be referred to as the initial cash outlay or the down payment.
  • Escalation
    An Escalation is a provision in a lease that increases the cost of rent for the tenant.
  • Underwrite
    In real estate, generally refers to making an assessment of the risks and potential returns of a potential investment or loan
  • Pari-Passu Preferred Return
    If the sponsor and investor receive the same preferred return, paid simultaneously, the pref is a "Pari-Passu" Preferred Return.
  • Lease Commencement Date
    The Lease Commencement Date usually constitutes the beginning of the lease term, whether or not the tenant has taken possession.
  • Refinancing Fee
    Refinancing replaces an older loan with a new loan, typically with better terms. During this process, businesses will repay many loan-related fees, such as attorney and application fees.
  • True Preferred Return
    If the investor receives a preferred return before a sponsor does, then the Pref is considered a "True" Preferred Return.
  • Vacancy Rate
    Vacancy Rate is the total of available units compared to the unit count, expressed as a percentage and computed by multiplying vacant units times 100 and then dividing by the total unit count.
  • Base Rent
    A Base Rent is the set amount used as the minimum rent in a business plan.
  • Common Area
    The Common Area includes the areas of a building (and its site) available for use by all tenants, such as lobbies, corridors, and parking lots.
  • Annual Percentage Rate (APR)
    The Annual Percentage Rate reflects the cost of borrowing money. This rate represents the entire disclosure of the interest rate, loan discount points, loan origination fees, and other lender-paid credit costs.
  • Operating Expenses
    Operating Expenses reflect the cash needed to maintain and operate a property. Examples of operating expenses include property insurance, real estate taxes, property management, maintenance expenses, utilities, and accounting expenses. Operating expenses do not include debt service, capital expenditures, or cost recovery.
  • CBD: Central Business District
    The Central Business District is the main business and commercial area of a town or city.
  • Preferred Return (Pref)
    A Preferred Return is a profit distribution structure in which proceeds are distributed to one class of equity before another until a specific rate of return on the initial investment is reached.
  • Limited Liability Company (LLC)
    A Limited Liability Company (LLC) is a business structure whereby the owners are not held personally liable for any of the company's debts or liabilities. LLCs do not pay taxes—their profits and losses are passed through to members, who claim them on their tax returns.
  • Broker
    A Broker is a commercial real estate agent who represents a party to facilitate buying, selling, or leasing a commercial property.
  • Depreciation
    Depreciation allocates an asset's cost over its useful life. Depreciating assets helps companies expense a portion of the asset's cost each year the asset is in use while earning revenue on the investment.
  • Loss To Lease (LtL)
    Loss To Lease (LtL) describes the difference between the actual rent per the lease and a unit's market rental rate. As an example, if the market rent for a unit is $2,000 per month and the actual rent is $1800 per month, the loss to lease is $200 per month.
  • Base Year
    The Base Year refers to the expenses and taxes at the point of purchase. Once these expenses are known, the unit leases increase annually to reflect expense increases above the base year figures.
  • Cap Rate
    The capitalization rate, or “cap rate,” refers to a ratio used to convert an income stream into an estimate of value. The income stream utilized is the property's net operating income, which takes into account expenses such as utilities, insurance, management, and repairs, but which does not include financing expenses (like debt service). At the time of acquisition, the cap rate can be figured by dividing a property's net operating income by the property's purchase price (its then current value). Example: A property that has a gross income of $300,000 and operating expenses of $100,000 (for a net operating income of $200,000), and a purchase price of $2,000,000 would be calculated as: Net Operating Income ÷​ Purchase Price = $200,000 ÷​ $2,000,000 = 10.0% cap rate. Since cap rates convert an income stream to value, the above calculation can be re-figured so that a given income stream and an assumed cap rate can be used to estimate the value of a comparable property, or even to estimate the future value of a property. Investors often use cap rates to convert future projected income streams into that property's future value (and thus its anticipated sales price at that time).
  • Cash-On-Cash (CoC)
    Cash-On-Cash (CoC) provides the rate cash is returned in relation to your original investment, expressed as a percentage. CoC is calculated by dividing the cash flow by the initial investment. If you receive 10,000 in cash flow and you initially invested $100,000, your CoC would be 10% (10,000/$100,000)
  • Breakeven Occupancy
    Breakeven Occupancy is the rate need to cover all of the apartment community expenses. This rate is calculated by dividing the operating expenses and debt service by the gross potential income.
  • Profit and Loss Statement
    The Profit and Loss Statement details the revenues and expenses during a time period. This statement indicates how the revenues are transformed into net income or net profit.
  • Closing Costs
    Closing Costs refer to the additional expenses beyond the property's price that buyers and sellers typically incur to complete a real estate transaction.
  • Gross Rent Multiplier (GRM)
    Gross Rent Multiplier (GRM) shows the ratio of a real estate investment price compared to its annual rental income before accounting for expenses. The GRM reflects the number of years the property would take to pay for itself. For a prospective real estate investor, a lower GRM represents a better opportunity.
  • Net Operating Income (NOI)
    The Net Operating Income (NOI) represents all revenue from the property, minus operating expenses. This metric does not count capital expenditures and debt service.
  • Bridge Loan
    A Bridge Loan is a loan used until a company secures permanent financing. Bridge loans are short-term, typically six months to three years, with the option to purchase an additional six months to two years. Bridge Loans commonly have a higher interest rate and are almost exclusively interest-only. Bridge Loans are ideal choices for apartment financing. They are also referred to by other names, such as swing loans, interim financing, or gap financing.
  • Rent Roll
    A Rent Roll is a list of residents by unit and the rent paid by each resident in a multi-tenant property.
  • Yield
    Another term for the internal rate of return (IRR), a measure of an investment's return rate that takes account of the time value of money.
  • Financing Fees
    Financing Fees are the fees charged by the lender at the beginning of the debt service. These fees are also referred to as a finance charge.
  • Market Value
    Market Value is the highest price a property would command in a competitive and open market.
  • Exit Strategy
    The Exit Strategy is the last stage of the business plan defining the timeline and process to refinance or sell the property.
  • Debt Service
    The periodic payments required to cover the interest payments -- and usually also including a portion of the principal amount -- of a loan.
  • Refinance (Refi)
    A Refinance (Refi) refers to the process of revising and replacing an existing loan agreement. When a business decides to refinance a credit obligation, they effectively seek to make favorable changes to their interest rate, payment schedule, or other terms. If approved, the new contract replaces the original agreement.
  • Accredited Investor
    partner once they have an annual income of $200,000, or $300,000 for joint income, for the last two years with an expectation of earning the same or higher in the future. If the individual does not meet this requirement, they will also qualify if they, either individually or with their spouse, have a net worth above $1 million.
  • Concessions
    Concessions are incentives offered to prospective tenants to encourage them to sign a lease. For example, a landlord may offer a discount for the first three months if a tenant signs a longer lease term.
  • Distributions
    Distributions are made based on the cash flow of the property and profits made when it is refinanced or sold. The limited partner's portion of the profits is paid through these distributions, which are sent monthly, quarterly, or annually, and when a property is refinanced or sold.
  • Capital Gain
    Capital Gain is calculated as follows: the final sale price of the investment property, minus the exchange expenses, minus the sold property's adjusted basis.
  • Soft Cost
    Soft Costs refer to the project costs associated with the development, construction, marketing, leasing, operation, and maintenance of the improvements.
  • Capital Expenditures (CapEx)
    Capital Expenditures, referred to as CapEx, are the funds used to upgrade and maintain an apartment community. An expense is considered a capital expenditure when used to improve the life of an apartment complex or unit and is capitalized – spreading the cost of the expenditure over the asset's useful life. Capital Expenditure renovations can include both interior and exterior updates. Examples of CapEx include rebranding the property, installing new flooring, and fresh paint. CapEx does not include operating expenses, turnover costs, ongoing maintenance and repairs, landscaping, utilities, or payroll.
  • Physical Occupancy Rate
    The Physical Occupancy Rate is the percentage of available rental space that is occupied by paying tenants. To find the occupancy rate for a particular month, take the number of units rented, divided by the number available to be rented, times 100.
  • Building Classifications
    Building Classifications typically refer to Class "A", "B", "C", and "D" properties. The rating assigned to a building is subjective and relative to the sub-market. Class "A" properties are commonly newer buildings with a higher level of construction, higher-finish levels, and located in prime locations. Age, location, amenities, and construction of the building impact its classification ranking. A Class "A" building in one sub-market may rank lower in a different sub-market due to the other competition in that sub-market.
  • Absorption Rate
    The Absorption Rate is the net difference in available unit square feet for lease between two dates, typically expressed as a percentage.
  • Prepayment Penalty
    A Prepayment Penalty is an additional fee some lenders charge if you pay off your loan early.
  • Encumbrance
    Any right to, or interest in, land that affects its value. Includes outstanding mortgage loans, unpaid taxes, easements, and deed restrictions.
  • Equity Multiple (EM)
    Equity Multiplier (EM) demonstrates the rate of return based on the total net profit and the initial investment. This value is calculated by adding the total net profit and the gross cash flow divided by the equity investment. An equity multiple of 2X means that you are doubling your money throughout the project.
  • Interest Rate
    An Interest Rate reflects the amount of interest due per period. The total interest on the amount lent or borrowed depends on the interest rate, principal sum, compounding frequency, and the length of time it is lent, deposited, or borrowed.
  • Model Unit
    A Model Unit is a unit used as a sales tool to show how the actual unit will appear in layout, amenities, and construction.
  • Letter of Intent (LOI)
    The Letter of Intent (LOI) is a document expressing the intent of each party in an agreement. It is not legally binding but instead aims to reduce misunderstandings between the parties.
  • Acquisition Fee
    The buyer pays the Acquisition Fee as an upfront fee to the general partner for the service they provided to find, analyze, evaluate, source financing, and close the investment. The fees range depending on the size of the deal.
  • Lease Agreement
    The Lease Agreement is a type of contract providing exclusive possession of the leased premises entered into by a landlord and tenant reflecting agreed-upon terms and conditions.
  • Apartment Syndication
    Regarding apartments, an Apartment Syndication is typically a partnership between general partners and the limited partners to acquire and sell an apartment community while sharing in the profits created through the process.
  • Asset Management Fee
    An Asset Management Fee is an ongoing fee paid annually to the general partner for property oversight.
  • Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)
    MSA is an acronym for Metropolitan Statistical Area, an area encompassing a major city and the surrounding cities.
  • Normal Wear and Tear
    Normal Wear and Tear reflects the deterioration or loss in value caused by normal and reasonable use by a tenant. A tenant is typically not responsible for "normal wear and tear" when the tenant vacates the premises.
  • Cash Flow
    Cash Flow is the revenue provided to investors after all expenses are paid. To calculate Cash Flow, subtract the operating expense and debt service from the collected revenue.
  • Commencement Date
    The Commencement Date is the date the lease goes into effect.
  • Recourse
    Recourse Loans allow the lender to recover any losses against the personal assets of a party liable for the debt in the event they default on the loan.
  • Improvements
    Improvements refer to updates made to a property to improve its physical appearance on the exterior or interior. It can also include additions to the property such as playgrounds, gates, and carports.
  • Permanent Agency Loan
    A Permanent Agency Loan is defined as a loan on a piece of commercial property that has a term of at least five years and some amortization. Most commercial permanent loans are amortized over 25 years.
  • Term
    The Term refers to the duration of the lease agreement.
  • Property Management Fee
    The Property Management Fee is a fee paid for day-to-day professional property management services in connection with the properties.
  • Ration Utility Billing System (RUBS)
    RUBS stands for Ratio Utility Billing System. It can be a cost-effective and fair alternative to submeters. RUBS is a popular utility management solution and essentially divides the bill among your residents based on certain criteria. Different utility types can often influence the type of RUBS formula a property uses.
  • Indirect Costs
    Indirect Costs are development costs that do not include material and labor costs. These are also known as Soft Costs.
  • Average Annual Effective Rent
    The Average Annual Effective Rent is the tenant's total effective rent divided by the lease term.
  • Employee Unit
    An Employee Unit is a unit rented at a discounted rate to employees.
  • Rehab
    Short for rehabilitation, Rehab is the extensive renovation of a building or project to improve the property's appearance.
  • Submarket
    Submarket A Submarket is a segment or portion of a larger geographic market defined and identified based on one or more attributes that distinguish it from other submarkets or locations.
  • Abatement
    A reduction in amount or intensity. Usually applies to decreases in taxes or rent.
  • Gross Potential Income (GPI)
    Gross Potential Income, or GPI, calculates the maximum rental income that a multifamily community could generate. GPR assumes that a property has no rental payment issues and 0% vacancy. The calculation is based on market rent, which is the average rent in the same geographic area. Also referred to as Gross Potential Rent (GPR).
  • Capitalization
    Capitalization is the method of determining the value of real property. This calculation is made by looking at net operating income divided by a predetermined annual rate of return.
  • Sophisticated Investor
    A sophisticated investor is a high-net-worth investor with sufficient knowledge and experience in financial and business matters, making them capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment.
  • Price Per Unit
    The Price Per Unit refers to the price per apartment as it relates to the sum total of the multifamily investment. In other words, the number of units divided by the total investment.
  • Capitalization Rate (Cap Rate)
    Cap Rate reflects the rate of return and is based on the income the property is expected to generate. The cap rate is the NOI (net operating income) divided by the purchase price. Also called "free and clear return". See "Capitalization".
  • Appreciation
    Appreciation reflects the increase in the value of an asset over time. Appreciation occurs through two main types: forced and natural. Natural appreciation occurs when the economy is performing well and the market cap rate decreases "naturally". Forced appreciation occurs through increasing the net operating income (either by increasing the revenue or decreasing the expenses).
  • Market Rent
    Market Rent is the rental rate that a property would command on the open real estate market.
  • Tenant
    The Tenant is an individual who has possession of the property through a lease. A tenant also may be referred to as a lessee.
  • Fixed Costs
    Fixed Costs are costs, such as loan service, which do not vary over the course of doing business.
  • CPI
    An acronym for "Consumer Price Index," CPI is an economic indicator measuring inflation. Rental rates tend to increase annually, aligning with this inflation rate.
  • Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
    The IRR is the annual rate of return, factoring in the timing of when those returns are received. If you invest $100,000 and receive a total of $100,000 in returns over five years, the average annual return is 20%. However, the IRR would be lower than that, as it factors in the timing of the payouts.
  • General Partner
    In a partnership, a partner whose liability is not limited. All partners in an ordinary partnership are general partners, while in a limited partnership most members enjoy limited liability (although one partner must still be a general partner).
  • Multifamily Dwelling
    A Multifamily Dwelling is a classification of housing where multiple separate housing units are within one building or a complex of several buildings. A common form is an apartment building.
  • Bad Debt
    Bad Debt reflects the sum of past-due money a tenant owes after they move out.
  • 1031 Exchange
    A 1031 Exchange is a capital gains tax deferral option in which taxpayers can reinvest the proceeds from the sale of an investment property into another investment or property, delaying any capital gains taxes.
  • 506(c)
    Rule 506(c) permits issuers to solicit and generally advertise an offering to accredited investors. The issuer must take steps to verify purchasers' accredited investor status and satisfy other conditions in Regulation D.
  • Effective Gross Income (EGI)
    Effective Gross Income (EGI) reflects the positive cash flow of the multifamily property. This number reflects the sum of the income minus the lost income - typically due to vacancy, concessions, and bad debt.
  • Fair Market Value
    The most probable price that a property should bring in a competitive and open market under all conditions needed for a fair sale, assuming that the price is not affected by undue stimulus and that the buyer and seller are each acting prudently and knowledgeably. The fair market value is the theoretical highest price that a buyer would pay, and the lowest price a seller would accept, assuming that both parties were willing -- but not compelled -- to act.
  • Pro Forma
    The Pro forma statement presents expected results to investors and assesses the potential earnings using specific projections or presumptions.
  • Rent Comparable Analysis
    The Rent Comparable Analysis is part of the due diligence process to analyze similar apartment communities in the same sub-market to determine how the market rents compare to the subject apartment community.
  • Time Value of Money (TVM)
    TVM is an economic principle recognizing that a dollar today has greater value than a dollar in the future because of its current earning power.
  • Certificate of Insurance
    An insurance company or its agent issues a Certificate of Insurance to verify that an insurance policy is in effect for stated amounts, coverages, and names those insured.
  • Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR)
    Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) measures the cash flow available to cover the property's debt obligation. This ratio is calculated by dividing the net operating income by the total debt service. A DSCR of 1.0 shows there is enough net operating income to cover 100% of the debt service.
  • 506(b)
    Rule 506(b) provides an exemption under Regulation D of the Securities Act. This exemption provides a way for companies to raise money and sell investment opportunities to both accredited investors and a limited number of non-accredited investors per opportunity. Under this rule, the company offering the investment can't advertise or publish investment details publicly.
  • Net Absorption
    Net Absorption is the square feet leased in a specific geographic area or defined sub-market over a fixed period of time and offset by space vacated in the same area during the same period.
  • Ad Valorem
    The Ad Valorem Tax is a tax imposed at the time of a transaction, based on the value of the transaction.
  • Sale Proceeds
    The Net Sale proceeds are the amount the seller earns from selling an asset, minus the costs and expenses from the gross proceeds.
  • Rental Concession
    Rental Concessions are something a landlord may offer a tenant to secure the tenancy. A move-in bonus or a short decrease in rent are common examples.
  • Lease
    A Lease is a property contract between a tenant and a landlord. This contractually binding agreement grants exclusive possession or use of property, usually in return for a periodic payment referred to as "rent."
  • General Partner (GP)
    A General Partner is a person who has responsibility for the company's actions, can legally bind the business, and is liable for the business's debts and obligations personally.
  • Vacancy Loss
    Vacancy Loss refers to the money that a property owner will not receive due to unfilled units or the non-payment of rent—also called vacancy and credit loss.
  • Interest-Only Loan
    An Interest-Only Loan is a loan type in which the borrower pays only the interest for a designated period, with the principal balance unchanged during the interest-only period.
  • Effective Rent
    The Effective Rent is the actual rental rate achieved by the landlord after deducting any concessions from the base rental rate paid by a tenant, usually expressed as an average rate over the lease term.
  • Carrying Charges
    Carrying Charges represents the costs incidental to property ownership, other than interest, that must be absorbed during the lease-up of a building and during periods of vacancy. For example - taxes, insurance, and maintenance.
  • Mid-Rise
    Mid-Rise refers to a building with 4 to 8 stories above ground. However, in a Central Business District, this might extend to buildings up to twenty-five stories.
  • Balance
    The amount left over after subtracting the amount owed (on a loan) or the amount remaining already paid (in an account).
  • Underwriting
    Underwriting is an investor or business process to evaluate, research, and quantify the financial risk associated with a particular investment.

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